Dredged sediment, reed straw and algae are three kinds of wastes generated during the ecological construction and operation of the water source reservoir. Efficient treatment and disposal of them is an important guarantee for realizing the ecological cycle of the reservoir, and is of great significance for improving the water quality and sustainable development. Firstly, this paper summarizes the current situation of resource utilization technology of dredged sediment in farmland, forest land, landscaping and other aspects of land use and building materials production, filling materials and other aspects of building materials utilization, and summarizes the development status of resource utilization technology of reed straw in agriculture, aquaculture, energy, industrial raw materials and other aspects, as well as the recovery of blue-green algae in anaerobic digestion, extraction of useful substances, feed application, aerobic composting and other aspects. Furthermore, the applicability of the above resource utilization technologies in the process of resource utilization of water source reservoir wastes is analyzed, and it is pointed out that land use is the best way of resource utilization of dredged sediment, and aerobic composting is the mainstream technology of treatment and disposal of reed straw and blue-green algae wastes. Finally, targeted suggestions are put forward for waste resource reutilization technologies in water source reservoir.