Taking an urban sewage treatment plant in Chizhou as an example ,the contents of Hg, Cd,  As, Pb, and Cr in filter-press sludge were analyzed by atomic fluorescence and ICP-AES. The pollution level and potential ecological risk were analyzed. The results showed that all the five heavy metals were detected in the sludge, and the order ranked from high concentration to low was Cr>Pb>As>Cd>Hg. The single-factor pollution index of Cd was the highest, which reached slightly polluted level. The heavy metal comprehensive pollution index of sludge was 0.94 which is moderately clean level. The potential ecological risk level of Cd was the highest. The total potential ecological risk level reached the mediumrisk level.