The iron and steel industry is a major contributor to atmospheric pollution in China's industrial sector. Effective air pollution control in the iron and steel industry is critical for reducing emissions from key industries and winning the battle against atmospheric pollution. In recent years , China has achieved remarkable results in air pollution control in the iron and steel industry. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the pollution prevention and control techniques deployed in the iron and steel industry since China's "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" , focusing on the stages of the development of air pollution control technology. Based on the status quo of technology in three aspects: end-of-pipe treatment. source emission reduction and process control. and whole process coupling control, it analyzes the current situation faced by China's iron and steel industry in the synergistic deep emission reduction of multi-pollutants and the realization of ultra-low emission. Finally , facing the " Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period , focusing on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets , we propose some suggestions to help to promote scientific and technical advancements in air pollution prevention and control. This work will provide critical support for constructing a " Beautiful China and realizing the "dual-carbon" target. In the future, we believe that with the joint efforts of the whole society, the iron and steel industry will achieve cleaner, more efficient and sustainable development.