Abstract:Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments has drawn widespread attention. In addition to  the  toxicity  and  ecological  risks,  microplastics  can  act  as  carriers  of  various  pollutants.  In  water disinfection  processes,  disinfectants  can  induce  changes  in  the  physicochemical  characteristics  of microplastics  and  cause  the  release  of  toxic  additives.  The  characteristic  changes  can  affect  the adsorption of organic pollutants by microplastics, thereby altering the fate and transformation of these pollutants.  This  review  summarizes  variations  in  the  functional  groups,  hydrophobicity,  morphology, and particle size of microplastics during representative water disinfection processes (e.g., chlorination, ozonation,  and  UV).  The  adsorption  of  organic  pollutants  onto  microplastics  after  disinfection  was discussed. It shows that the ozone disinfection process increases the abundances of oxygen-containing functional  groups,  resulting  in  decreased  surface  hydrophobicity.  Conversely,  chlorine  disinfection increases  abundances  of  chlorine-containing  functional  groups,  enhancing  surface  hydrophobicity. Disinfection increases the surface roughness and enhances the interaction sites between microplastics and  organic  pollutants.  Adsorption  mechanisms  of  organic  pollutants  onto  microplastics  include hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and π—π stacking. Lastly, future research needs are prospected. Close-