To address the issue that tetracycline antibiotic pollutants are accumulating in water and causing serious harm to human health and the ecological environment , this study prepared a novel composite material of CoFe2O4/MnO2 and used it as a highly efficient permonosulfate (PMS) activator for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) in the water body. The degradation results showed that the CoFe2O4/MnO2-PMS system had outstanding TCH removal efficiency, which could reach 92.7% after 40 min of reaction, much higher than that of the single catalyst-PMS system. The results of the influencing factor experiments showed that the CoFe2O4/MnO2-PMS degradation system had a wide range of pH suitability and a stable degradation activity in the presence of various anions, in addition, the CoFe2O4/MnO2-PMS degradation system had good stability and reusability, showing high catalytic activity and TCH degradation rate after 5 cycles. Mechanistic analysis showed that the valence cycles of Co2+/Co3+, Fe3+/Fe2+ and Mn3+ /Mn4+ existed in the CoFe2O4/MnO2 composites to participate in the electron transfer process during the catalytic PMS degradation of TCH, leading to the full release of SO4-· and ·OH during the activation process and the effective degradation of TCH through a series of typical chain reactions.