Abstract:The steel industry is a major source of carbon emissions among global industrial sectors.Driven by the objective of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), researchers and industrystakeholder are developing technologies that are emerging as key solutions, facilitating the transitionfrom traditional blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) processes to emerging hydrogen-basedEnergy Environmental Protectionmetallurgy technologies. This paper provides an overview of the current state of crude steel productionand its associated carbon emissions. It also discusses their characteristics in the steel industry. Commoncarbon capture technologies employed in steel plants, including liquid absorption, solid adsorption, andmembrane separation methods, are systematically reviewed and evaluated based on their principles,benefits, and drawbacks. Additionally, research progress and representative applications of carboncapture technologies in the global steel industry are summarized. Steel companies and academicinstitutions are actively developing carbon capture processes tailored to the industry's needs, includingchemical absorption and physical adsorption for blast furnace gas treatment. International demonstrationprojects reveal that conventional technologies, such as monoethanolamine (MEA) absorption, canachieve a CO capture rate of 90%, but these technologies require high regeneration energyconsumption of 4 − 5 GJ/t CO. In contrast, ammonium hydroxide absorption processes can reduceenergy consumption to 1.5 GJ/t CO. The Japanese COURSE50 project has achieved a 30% reduction inCO emissions per ton of crude steel, while BaYi Iron & Steel has upgraded its molten reductionironmaking furnace to a European smelting furnace, attaining a CO capture rate of over 97%. However,the global average cost of CO capture remains high. Current challenges include: (1) increased energyconsumption (2.5 − 4.0 GJ per ton of steel); (2) infrastructure limitations, as 80% of steel plants lackCO pipeline networks; and (3) insufficient carbon pricing coverage, accounting for only 30% − 40% ofthe capture costs. In the future, technological advancements in novel phase-change absorbents (e.g.,eutectic solvents) and metal-organic framework (MOF) adsorption materials are expected tosignificantly reduce capture costs by 2030 and beyond. This process requires overcoming challengesassociated with the collaborative integration of steel plants, chemical industrial parks, and storage sites.For instance, the "hydrogen-carbon co-production" model, a collaboration between HBIS Group andShell, utilizes captured CO for microalgae cultivation and enhanced oil recovery (EOR), therebyestablishing a carbon-negative value chain. With the advancement of global carbon neutrality initiatives,the industrialization of CCUS in the steel sector must rely on policy-driven initiatives and collaborativeinnovation across the value chain (e.g., hydrogen-carbon co-production models). This review offers atheoretical foundation and practical insights to guide the development of economically viable CCUSpathways, accelerating the steel industry′s transition towards carbon neutrality. Close-